Lo mein in most recipes depends on oyster sauce for its signature dark umami gloss. That's a problem if you're gluten free, since every major brand contains wheat. The workaround in this recipe is one of those kitchen tricks worth keeping in your head: combine chicken bouillon and beef bouillon, and you recreate the savory depth without a single drop of oyster.
The science is straightforward. Oyster sauce is a reduction that concentrates glutamates and savory compounds from oyster meat. Bouillon powders are concentrated glutamates from meat. Used in the right ratio, chicken bouillon gives you the rounded, cleaner savor; beef bouillon adds the low, meaty undertone. Together, they approximate what oyster sauce does.
Vegetables go in first over high heat. Onion, cabbage, carrot. Cook them to soft with a little color, then add garlic and the white parts of scallions. The aromatic layer is brief, thirty seconds at most, so the garlic doesn't burn.
The sauce gets built directly into the pan on top of the vegetables. Soy for salt, fish sauce for the low fermented undertone that adds another layer of depth, sesame oil for finish, both bouillons, and enough water to create a proper simmer. Stir until the bouillon dissolves completely and the pan looks glossy.
Noodles go in last. Rice noodles are the gluten-free version; egg noodles work too if you're not restricted. Keep the sauce a little looser than you think. Rice noodles especially absorb liquid fast and a sauce that looks perfect in the pan can be stuck and dry by the time it hits the plate. Finish with scallion greens.